Linux 9i下Dataguard配置

• 配置
• SQL
• standby
• primary
• databas

环境：
      os:  linux 9
   oracle:  oracle9i
primary: 1.1.1.1
standby: 1.1.1.2 （主副主机都是两台普通的pc主机）

第一部分  oracle9i 在linux9上的安装

本来我不想写这方面的东东，但是对比oracl9i在solaris 下和在linux下安装，oracle9i 在linux9上的安装真的是要麻烦很多，下面我把我遇到的问题（好像也是大部分oracle初学者安装时遇到的问题）简要的说一下，oracle9i 在linux9上的安装也折腾了我好几个月。

1)运行runinstaller的时候报错。
-bash-2.05b$ ./runInstaller
-bash-2.05b$ Initializing Java Virtual Machine from /tmp/OraInstall2005-01-20_06-39-06PM/jre/bin/java. Please wait...
/tmp/OraInstall2005-01-20_06-39-06PM/jre/bin/i386/native_threads/java: error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++-libc6.1-1.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Oracle Net configuration Assistant
Oracle Database configuration Assistant
Agent configuration Assistant
三个工具的details错误信息都是：

/home/oracle/jre/1.1.8/bin../lib/i686/native_threads/libzip.so :symbol errno，version GLIBC_2.0 not definded in file libc.so.6 with link time reference(libzip.so)
unable to initialize threads: cannot find class java/lang/Thread
Could not create java VM
  解决方法：
在运行runInstaller之前做下面的步骤。
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19
ignore your kernal version
下载文件libcwait.c ftp://people.redhat.com/drepper/libcwait.c  (通过IE无法下载的话，就用命令行)用gcc -shared -o libcwait.so -fpic -O2 libcwait.c进行编译然后export LD_PRELOAD=/$path/libcwait.so
上面的方法能使Oracle Net configuration Assistant  ，Oracle Database configuration Assistant 安装成功。

修复Agent configuration Assistant不能配置成功的方法：请参考chinaunix上的
在RHAS3上成功安装Oracle9204作者:renxiao2003
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
运行runInstaller之后，出现安装组件的选择结果，这时点“Install”，开始安装，复制文件，进度条在一点一点的增加，当安装并link完后，出现配置工具界面，agent服务不能配置成功，忽略不用管，在下面修复。DBCA，NETCA，HTTP都正确配置完毕哦。呵呵。下面开始修复错误。其实要是把各个界面抓取下来就更好了。
 

6、安装p3238244_9204_LINUX.zip补丁

此补丁也是从http://metalink.oracle.com下下载，同时要下载一个opatch软件包：p2617419_220_GENERIC.zip，它主要是用来悠agent服务不能启动的错误。
过程如下：[quote:864939f94a]su - oracle
$ cp p2617419_210_GENERIC.zip /tmp
$ cd /tmp
$ unzip p2617419_210_GENERIC.zip
$ export PATH=$PATH:/tmp/OPatch
$ export PATH=$PATH:/sbin        # the patch needs "fuser" which is located in /sbin
$ unzip p3238244_9204_LINUX.zip
$ cd 3238244
$ opatch apply
[/quote:864939f94a]补丁修复完成，需要relinked一个.mk文件。
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib
$ make -f ins_oemagent.mk install
现在在运行agentctl start，看是不是可以成功运行agent服务了啊，可以用stop、status来停止此服务或者检查服务的状态。
在这个成功之后，居然不能启动Oracle，说是不能找到初始化文件，没办法，我用dbca先删除了原来安装时建立的库，再重新建立了数据库。

7、运行dbca来创建数据库。呵呵，一路畅通，完成数据库的安装。
希望你也能成功安装。
[bitsCN_com]
运行runInstaller后，安装界面出来出现乱码
export LANG=en_us 再运行runInstaller (这是最简单实用的办法)

报/etc/oratab 错误
如果在机器上以前安装过，再一次安装的时候如果报/etc/oratab 错误。请将/etc/oratab 清空（删除也可）
cp /dev/null  /etc/oratab
(4)然后开始建库，当建库到46%时会出现共享内存问题，
      ORA-27123: unable to attach to shared memory segment
      这时需要给内核指定内存，可以：
      echo 4294967295 >/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
      或者
      编辑/etc/sysctl.conf
      kernel.shmmax=4294967295
      这样就可以数据库的安装。
运行：要启动oracle要先运行数据库监听程序：lsnrctl  start   关闭：lsnrctl stop
运行oemapp console可以打开oracle企业管理器工具

还有一些错误，可能需要修改/etc/hosts，/etc/sysctl.conf，请大家在google上搜一下按照网友提示的方法进行修改。
 
另外主副主机的目录设置成一样。都将oracle用户主目录设为/home/oracle.主副主机的数据库名字都设为oracle,实例名也都设为一样，都设为oracle(申明一点，是否必须将主副主机的数据库名字实例名都设为相同，我曾在cu上发过贴子问过，好像大家都说不需要，但我们这的dba说是必须，反正我在这里设的是相同。

第二步：Dataguard配置
首先将主副两主机都设为归档模式。
1.        主节点备份并生成备用数据库控制文件
登陆主节点,进行数据库备份，并生成备用数据库控制文件 

 [oracle@primary]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL> startup#p#分页标题#e#
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> exit

[oracle@primary]pwd
/home/oracle
[oracle@primary]$ ls
admin  dictionary.ora  jre  oradata  oraInventory  oui  product  soft
[oracle@primary]tar -cvf oradata.tar oradata
[oracle@primary]$ ls -l *.tar
-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba      576512000 Aug 16 10:22 oradata.tar
[oracle@primary]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL> startup
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled 
Archive destination            /home/oracle/oradata/primary/archive 
Oldest online log sequence     88
Next log sequence to archive   90
Current log sequence           90
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/standby.ctl';
Database altered.
SQL> exit
[oracle@primary] 

3. 登陆备用节点(standby),ftp获得primary主机的数据库文件（即oradata.tar文件）、备用控制文件(/home/oracle/standby.ctl) ,口令文件（ $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/下的orapworacle）传到standby里的相应位置。

具体步骤：

3.1  在standby的/home/oracle/oradata下，原来有一个oracle的文件夹（里面是该主机下的dbf，redolog文件），再新建一个primary文件夹。将primary主机的oradata.tar解开的文件全部直接（即primary不要再有文件夹）放到primary下，将刚生成的备用控制文件(/home/oracle/standby.ctl)也放到primary下。

3.2 在standby的ORACLE_HOME/dbs/下，先将以前的orapworacle备份一下(改个名字即可)，再将primary的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/下的orapworacle 文件ftp放到standby的ORACLE_HOME/dbs/下.
说明一下，我在查阅eygle的大作及很多人的相关文章，都没有提到这一点，但如果没做这一步的话，再后面的启动备用数据库的时候，即在
[oracle@eygle primary]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL> startup nomount;
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
这一步时就会报ORA-01991 错误，说是Invalid passwd file.询问我们的dba，说是必须要用primary的orapworacle来替换standby的. 我试过，这样做了后就OK了。
所以我这在这里就把primary的orapworacle来替换standby的orapworacl也当作一步必须步骤，但我真的不能肯定这一步是否是必须的，如果不是必须的，为何我做这一步，总会报错。如果是必须的，为何eygle和其他大牛的大作里都没有提到这一步，难道是因为这个太简单吗？？ 我真的是有些疑惑。如果哪位大牛看到这，请给我一个肯定的回答，我不胜感激。 [

在standby主机的$oracle/home/admin下原来有oracle目录。现在新建
primary目录，再在primary目录下新建bdump,cdump,udump.
Primary的参数文件

 oracle@primary_andy $cat  .bash_profile
# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
#if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
#       . ~/.bashrc
#fi

# User specific environment and startup programs
#export BASH_ENV=$HOME/.bashrc

PATH=$PATH:/home/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin:$oracle_home/jre/bin:/opt/SUNWspro/
bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/ucb:/etc:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin/saved:
export PATH
unset USERNAME
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle
export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/product/9.2.0
export ORACLE_HOME
LANG=
LC_ALL=
ORACLE_SID=oracle
export ORACLE_SID

TNS_ADMIN=/homehttp://oracle.chinaitlab.com/config/9.2.0; export TNS_ADMIN
NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG
#ORA_NLS33=$Oracle_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data; export ORA_NLS33 

CLASSPATH=$Oracle_HOME/JRE:$Oracle_HOME/jlib:$Oracle_HOME/rdbms/jlib:/opt/j2sdk_nb/j2sdk1.4.2/bin
export CLASSPATH
TMPDIR=/tmp;export TMPDIR
umask 022
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/lib/tls:/lib/i686:/usr/openwin/lib:/usr/dt/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_PRELOAD=/home/oracle/libcwait.so;
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.19;
DISPLAY=1.1.1.3:0.0;export DISPLAY;
export PS1="\u@\H $"

#cat initoracle.ora_primary
*.aq_tm_processes=1
*.background_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/oracle/bdump'
*.compatible='9.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/home/oracle/oradata/oracle/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/oradata/oracle/c
ontrol02.ctl','/home/oracle/oradata/oracle/control03.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/oracle/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_size=33554432
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oracleXDB)'
*.fast_start_mttr_target=300
*.hash_join_enabled=TRUE
*.instance_name='oracle'
*.java_pool_size=83886080
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.large_pool_size=16777216
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog/'#p#分页标题#e#
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=standby mandatory reopen=60'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_format='log_%t_%s.arc'
*.log_archive_start=TRUE
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=25165824
*.processes=150
*.query_rewrite_enabled='FALSE'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.shared_pool_size=83886080
*.sort_area_size=524288
*.star_transformation_enabled='FALSE'
*.timed_statistics=TRUE
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_retention=10800
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/oracle/udump'

修改standby主机的initoracle.ora文件（先备份），我的initoracle.ora如下，供参考

 *.aq_tm_processes=1
*.background_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/primary/bdump'
*.compatible='9.2.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/home/oracle/oradata/primary/standby.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/primary/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_cache_size=33554432
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oracleXDB)'
*.fast_start_mttr_target=300
*.hash_join_enabled=TRUE
*.instance_name='oracle'
*.java_pool_size=83886080
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.large_pool_size=16777216
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=25165824
*.processes=150
*.query_rewrite_enabled='FALSE'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.shared_pool_size=83886080
*.sort_area_size=524288
*.star_transformation_enabled='FALSE'
*.timed_statistics=TRUE
*.undo_management='AUTO'
*.undo_retention=10800
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/primary/udump'
*.log_archive_format=log_%t_%s.arc
*.log_archive_start=TRUE
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog/'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1 = ENABLE
*.fal_server='primary'
*.fal_client='standby'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/oracle","/home/oracle/oradata/primary")              ----(主辅数据库数据文件相互转换的目录)
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO  即可实现重命名主库的数据文件！！
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog","/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog")   ----(主辅数据库联机日志redolog相互转换的目录)
*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog                  
                     ----(从主数据库产生的archivelog传到辅数据库的目录)

[

4.  配置主节点(primary主机上)的tnsnames.ora文件

   primary=(description=
(address=
(protocol=tcp)
(port=1521)
(host=1.1.1.1))
(connect_data=
(SID=oracle)))
standby=(description=
(address=
(protocol=tcp)
(port=1521)
(host=1.1.1.2))
(connect_data=
(SID=oracle)))

同样，在副节点(standby) 的tnsnames.ora文件

5. 在副节点(standby)上配置listener.ora文件, 添加监听服务standby_listener，在相应的节里添加有关的内容. 

 SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
        (SID_NAME = oracle)
        (GLOBAL_DBNAME = oracle)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/oradata)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
     (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

在主副库上启动lsnrctl,
  -bash-2.05b$ lsnrctl
LSNRCTL>start      # 启动监听服务

   6.在主备节点用tnsping测试网络连通性

在primary机上
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  primary
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  standby

在standby机上
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  primary
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  standby
7. 启动副数据库

    sql> startup nomount;
   SQL> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.

8. 在主节点设置归档路径
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=standby mandatory reopen=60';
System altered.
定义了主库向副库传输日志
# 定义归档到备用库，强制归档，重试时间60秒。
# 如果定义为可选状态(optional)，那么在归档失败后不会再次尝试归档的。定义 #p#分页标题#e#
# 为madatory状态后，如果本次归档失败，则在归档下一个日志时会再次尝试
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> /
System altered.
SQL>
在备用节点观察日志
[oracle@eygle bdump]$ tail -f alert_primary.log
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started
Starting datafile 1 recovery in thread 1 sequence 90
Datafile 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/system01.dbf'
Starting datafile 2 recovery in thread 1 sequence 90
Datafile 2: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbs01.dbf'
…………………………
-bash-2.05b$ mkdir /home/oracle/oradata/oracle/stdarch

9.主辅数据库的切换（停止主数据库,启用备用数据库）
修改primary的参数文件initoracle.ora(先做好备份) [

 增加
*.standby_archive_dest='/home/oracle/oradata/standbyarch'
*.fal_server='standby'
*.fal_client='primary'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/primary","/home/oracle/oradata/oracle")
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog","/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog")
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'
删除  log_archive_dest_2参数

修改standby的参数文件initoracle.ora(先做好备份)
增加
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=primary mandatory reopen=60'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
删除
*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog
*.fal_server='standby'
*.fal_client='primary'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/primary","/home/oracle/oradata/oracle")
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog","/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog")

*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

在primary主机上执行
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown ;
Database altered.
察看primary主机上的后台日志
…………………………….

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
以备用模式（standby）启用主数据
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup nomount;
SQL>show parameter standby_file_management;
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.

打开备用数据库（在standby主机上执行）
[oracle@standby oracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
            
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown ;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
     ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down
SQL>create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup;
        ……

Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select SEQUENCE#,GROUP#,STATUS from v$log;
SQL> select sequence#,group#,status from v$log;

SEQUENCE#     GROUP# STATUS
---------- ---------- --------------------------------
        72          1 INACTIVE
        73          2 INACTIVE
        74          3 CURRENT

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select sequence#,group#,status from v$log;

SEQUENCE#     GROUP# STATUS
---------- ---------- --------------------------------
        75          1 CURRENT
        73          2 INACTIVE
        74          3 ACTIVE

在primary主机上执行
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
Database altered.

在primary主机上观察日志应用情况
[oracle@primary bdump]$ tail -f alert_oracle.log
Starting datafile 2 recovery in thread 1 sequence 93
Datafile 2: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbs01.dbf'
Starting datafile 3 recovery in thread 1 sequence 93
Datafile 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/users01.dbf'
……………………………………………….
Media recover

6.在主备节点用tnsping测试网络连通性

在primary机上
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  primary
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  standby

在standby机上
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  primary
-bash-2.05b$  tnsping  standby#p#分页标题#e#
7. 启动副数据库

    sql> startup nomount;
   SQL> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.

8. 在主节点设置归档路径
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=standby mandatory reopen=60';
System altered.
定义了主库向副库传输日志
# 定义归档到备用库，强制归档，重试时间60秒。
# 如果定义为可选状态(optional)，那么在归档失败后不会再次尝试归档的。定义
# 为madatory状态后，如果本次归档失败，则在归档下一个日志时会再次尝试
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> /
System altered.
SQL>
在备用节点观察日志
[oracle@eygle bdump]$ tail -f alert_primary.log
MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started
Starting datafile 1 recovery in thread 1 sequence 90
Datafile 1: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/system01.dbf'
Starting datafile 2 recovery in thread 1 sequence 90
Datafile 2: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbs01.dbf'
…………………………
-bash-2.05b$ mkdir /home/oracle/oradata/oracle/stdarch

9.主辅数据库的切换（停止主数据库,启用备用数据库）
修改primary的参数文件initoracle.ora(先做好备份) [bitsCN.Com]

 增加
*.standby_archive_dest='/home/oracle/oradata/standbyarch'
*.fal_server='standby'
*.fal_client='primary'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/primary","/home/oracle/oradata/oracle")
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog","/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog")
*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT='AUTO'
删除  log_archive_dest_2参数

修改standby的参数文件initoracle.ora(先做好备份)
增加
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=primary mandatory reopen=60'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
删除
*.STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog
*.fal_server='standby'
*.fal_client='primary'
*.DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/primary","/home/oracle/oradata/oracle")
*.LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT=("/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog","/home/oracle/oradata/archivelog")

*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO

在primary主机上执行
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown ;
Database altered.
察看primary主机上的后台日志
…………………………….

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
以备用模式（standby）启用主数据
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup nomount;
SQL>show parameter standby_file_management;
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.

打开备用数据库（在standby主机上执行）
[oracle@standby oracle]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
            
SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown ;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
     ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down
SQL>create spfile from pfile;
SQL> startup;
        ……

Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select SEQUENCE#,GROUP#,STATUS from v$log;
SQL> select sequence#,group#,status from v$log;

SEQUENCE#     GROUP# STATUS
---------- ---------- --------------------------------
        72          1 INACTIVE
        73          2 INACTIVE
        74          3 CURRENT

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> select sequence#,group#,status from v$log;

SEQUENCE#     GROUP# STATUS
---------- ---------- --------------------------------
        75          1 CURRENT
        73          2 INACTIVE
        74          3 ACTIVE

在primary主机上执行
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
Database altered.

在primary主机上观察日志应用情况
[oracle@primary bdump]$ tail -f alert_oracle.log
Starting datafile 2 recovery in thread 1 sequence 93#p#分页标题#e#
Datafile 2: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbs01.dbf'
Starting datafile 3 recovery in thread 1 sequence 93
Datafile 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/users01.dbf'
……………………………………………….
Media recover

switchover过程：

12.把数据库切换回到主节点
先将standby此时的initoracle.ora恢复为以前是standby时的参数。
在主节点（standby主机上）

 SQL> alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted
statORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount  pfile=/home/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/initoracle.ora;
;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  135337420 bytes
Fixed Size                   452044 bytes
Variable Size             109051904 bytes
Database Buffers           25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
SQL> alter database mount standby database;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
中

Database altered.
 

在备用节点（在primary主机上）
先将primary此时的initoracle.ora恢复为以前是primary时的参数。

 SQL> alter database commit to switchover to primary;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01507: database not mounted
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup  pfile=/home/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/initoracle.ora;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  135337420 bytes
Fixed Size                   452044 bytes
Variable Size             109051904 bytes
Database Buffers           25165824 bytes
Redo Buffers                 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.  

             
衷心致谢: CU oracle斑竹 sshd ,我在配置dataguard时得到他的很多帮助！！
参考文献
Dataguard配置Step by step (eygle大作)
http://www.eygle.com/ha/dataguard-step-by-step.htm