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灵活调用xsl来解析xml文档

来源：中国IT实验室作者： xuqingzhong 2008-06-02/10:17

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正文

     1.新建一个vs2003的web工程,取名为XMLTest

     2.将工程目录下的WebForm1.aspx中内容全部删除，只留下顶部的一条语句：

     <%@ Page language="c#" Codebehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" AutoEventWireup="false" Inherits="XMLTest.WebForm1" %>

      3.修改WebForm1.aspx.cs中内容，在Page_Load中加入:

    XmlDocument doc=new XmlDocument();
    String xmlfile=string.Empty;
    xmlfile=Context.Request.PhysicalApplicationPath+(Request.QueryString["sel"].ToString()=="xml"?"\\hello.xml":"\\hello.xsl");
    doc.Load(xmlfile);
    Response.Write(doc.InnerXml);

4.在工程根目录下新增test.htm,并设为工程首页:

<html>
<head>
  <title></title>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="resTree"></div>
  <FONT face="宋体"></FONT><input type="button" value="执行" onclick="GetXml()"><BR>
  <script language="JScript">
  var srcTree,xsltTree,xt;
  var http_request = false;

  function GetXml()
  {
   srcTree = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument");
    srcTree.async=false;
    xsltTree= new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument");
    xsltTree.async = false;
    xt=new ActiveXObject("MSXML2.XSLTemplate");
   resTree.innerHTML="";
    makeRequest("WebForm1.aspx?sel=xml",GetXml_CB);
  }

    function makeRequest(url,callback) {
        http_request = false;
        if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { // Mozilla, Safari,...
            http_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
            if (http_request.overrideMimeType) {
                http_request.overrideMimeType('text/xml');
            }
        } else if (window.ActiveXObject) { // IE
            try {
                http_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
            } catch (e) {
                try {
                    http_request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
                } catch (e) {}
            }
        }

        if (!http_request) {
            alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance');
            return false;
        }
        http_request.onreadystatechange = callback;
        http_request.open('GET', url, true);
        http_request.send(null);
    } #p#分页标题#e#

    function GetXml_CB() {

        if (http_request.readyState == 4) {
            if (http_request.status == 200) {
    srcTree.loadXML(http_request.responseText);
    makeRequest("WebForm1.aspx?sel=xsl",GetXsl_CB);
            } else {
                alert('There was a problem with the request.');
            }
        }

    }

    function GetXsl_CB(){
       if (http_request.readyState == 4) {
         if (http_request.status == 200) {
       xsltTree.loadXML(http_request.responseText);
       xt.stylesheet=xsltTree;
       var proc=xt.createProcessor();
       proc.input=srcTree;
       proc.transform();
       resTree.innerHTML=proc.output;
            } else {
                alert('There was a problem with the request.');
            }
        }

    }

    function makeRequest(url,callback) {
     http_request = false;
     if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { // Mozilla, Safari,...
            http_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
            if (http_request.overrideMimeType) {
                http_request.overrideMimeType('text/xml');
            }
        } else if (window.ActiveXObject) { // IE
            try {
                http_request = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
            } catch (e) {
                try {
                    http_request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
                } catch (e) {}
            }
        }

        if (!http_request) {
            alert('Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance');
            return false;
        }
        http_request.onreadystatechange = callback;
        http_request.open('GET', url, true);
        http_request.send(null);
    }

  </script>

</body>
</html>

5.运行工程，看看效果吧!

hello.xml(注意:我的xml文档中并没有指定对应的xsl解析文件名)

<?xml version='1.0'?> #p#分页标题#e#

<breakfast-menu>
  <food>
    <name>Belgian Waffles</name>
    <price>$5.95</price>
    <description>Two of our famous Belgian Waffles
      with plenty of real maple syrup.</description>
    <calories>650</calories>
  </food>
  <food>
    <name>Strawberry Belgian Waffles</name>
    <price>$7.95</price>
    <description>Light Belgian waffles covered with
     strawberries and whipped cream.</description>
    <calories>900</calories>
  </food>
  <food>
    <name>Berry-Berry Belgian Waffles</name>
    <price>$8.95</price>
    <description>Light Belgian waffles covered
      with an assortment of fresh berries
      and whipped cream.</description>
    <calories>900</calories>
  </food>
  <food>
    <name>French Toast</name>
    <price>$4.50</price>
    <description>Thick slices made from our homemade
     sourdough bread.</description>
    <calories>600</calories>
  </food>
  <food>
    <name>Homestyle Breakfast</name>
    <price>$6.95</price>
    <description>Two eggs, bacon or sausage, toast,
      and our ever-popular hash browns.</description>
    <calories>950</calories>
  </food>
</breakfast-menu>

hello.xsl

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"  xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
  <xsl:template match="/breakfast-menu">

        <xsl:for-each select="food">
          <DIV STYLE="background-color:teal; color:white; padding:4px">
            <SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold; color:white"><xsl:value-of select="name"/></SPAN>
            至 <xsl:value-of select="price"/>
          </DIV>
          <DIV STYLE="margin-left:20px; margin-bottom:1em; font-size:10pt">
            <xsl:value-of select="description"/>
            <SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic">
              <xsl:value-of select="calories"/> 嘿嘿
            </SPAN>
          </DIV>
        </xsl:for-each>

  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

xml文档只有纯粹的数据，如果需要显示到html页面中的话，一般需要使用定制的xsl文档来解析，或者手工通过js来读取xml中的值显示到html中的dom树中，当使用xsl文档来解析时，相应的xml文档中必须指定对应的xsl文档才能正常显示，但当有些程序动态输出xml文档时，并没有指定相应的xsl文档，这时就必须通过其它途径来加载相应的xsl文档来解析，当然，在服务器端输出xml文档时，通过一些xml api也可以实现，我这儿描述的是通过js来实现的一种方式。用这种方式的话，就抛开了服务器平台的限制，服务器端只需要输出相应的xml文档(.net/j2ee都可以)，并且将对应的xsl文档输出给客户端（可以输出流或直接在客户端加载xsl文档)。#p#分页标题#e#

这里有几个需要注意的地方，我们一般是使用Msxml2.Document组件来加载xml文档的，但当动态使用xsl解析xml文档时，必须使用Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument这种自由线程的组件，同时使用MSXML2.XSLTemplate模板组件来加载xml,xsl数据，通过MSXML2.XSLTemplate的transform方法，就可以动态的用xsl来解析xml数据了,另外，IE5开始，系统默认的xml组件是msxml2，如果需要使用更新的msxml组件需要安装更新的msxml组件包，并指定新的名称，例如Msxml2.FreeThreadedDOMDocument.4.0，现在最新的msxml组件是6.0beta，可在M$网站下载。

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