PHP经验集锦

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最近刚刚完成手中的项目，比较闲。来这儿转转，把积累的一些技巧分享给大家！
1、关于PHP重定向
方法一：header("Location: index.php");
方法二：echo "<script>window.location =\"$PHP_SELF\";</script>";
方法三：echo "<META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Refresh\" CONTENT=\"0; URL=index.php\">";

2、获取访问者浏览器

function browse_infor() {
$browser="";$browserver="";
$Browsers =array("Lynx","MOSAIC","AOL","Opera","JAVA","MacWeb","WebExplorer","OmniWeb");
$Agent = $GLOBALS["HTTP_USER_AGENT"];
for ($i=0; $i<=7; $i++) {
if (strpos($Agent,$Browsers[$i])) {
$browser = $Browsers[$i];
$browserver ="";
}
}
if (ereg("Mozilla",$Agent) && !ereg("MSIE",$Agent)) {
$temp =explode("(", $Agent); $Part=$temp[0];
$temp =explode("/", $Part); $browserver=$temp[1];
$temp =explode(" ",$browserver); $browserver=$temp[0];
$browserver =preg_replace("/([\d\.]+)/",");
$browserver = " $browserver";
$browser = "Netscape Navigator";
}
if (ereg("Mozilla",$Agent) && ereg("Opera",$Agent)) {
$temp =explode("(", $Agent); $Part=$temp[1];
$temp =explode(")", $Part); $browserver=$temp[1];
$temp =explode(" ",$browserver);$browserver=$temp[2];
$browserver =preg_replace("/([\d\.]+)/",");
$browserver = " $browserver";
$browser = "Opera";
}
if (ereg("Mozilla",$Agent) && ereg("MSIE",$Agent)) {
$temp = explode("(", $Agent); $Part=$temp[1];
$temp = explode(";",$Part); $Part=$temp[1];
$temp = explode(" ",$Part);$browserver=$temp[2];
$browserver =preg_replace("/([\d\.]+)/",");
$browserver = " $browserver";
$browser = "Internet Explorer";
}
if ($browser!="") {
$browseinfo = "$browser$browserver";
}else {
$browseinfo = "Unknown";
}
return $browseinfo;
}
//调用方法$browser=browseinfo() ;直接返回结果

3、获取访问者操作系统

function osinfo() {
$os="";
$Agent = $GLOBALS["HTTP_USER_AGENT"];
if (eregi('win',$Agent) && strpos($Agent, '95')) {
$os="Windows 95";
}
elseif (eregi('win 9x',$Agent) && strpos($Agent, '4.90')) {
$os="Windows ME";
}
elseif (eregi('win',$Agent) && ereg('98',$Agent)) {
$os="Windows 98";
}
elseif (eregi('win',$Agent) && eregi('nt 5\.0',$Agent)) {
$os="Windows 2000";
}
elseif (eregi('win',$Agent) && eregi('nt',$Agent)) {
$os="Windows NT";
}
elseif (eregi('win',$Agent) && eregi('nt 5\.1',$Agent)) {
$os="Windows XP";
}
elseif (eregi('win',$Agent) && ereg('32',$Agent)) {
$os="Windows 32";
}
elseif (eregi('linux',$Agent)) {
$os="Linux";
}
elseif (eregi('unix',$Agent)) {
$os="Unix";
}
elseif (eregi('sun',$Agent) && eregi('os',$Agent)) {
$os="SunOS";
}
elseif (eregi('ibm',$Agent) && eregi('os',$Agent)) {
$os="IBM OS/2";
}
elseif (eregi('Mac',$Agent) && eregi('PC',$Agent)) {
$os="Macintosh";
}
elseif (eregi('PowerPC',$Agent)) {
$os="PowerPC";
}
elseif (eregi('AIX',$Agent)) {
$os="AIX";
}
elseif (eregi('HPUX',$Agent)) {
$os="HPUX";
}
elseif (eregi('NetBSD',$Agent)) {
$os="NetBSD";
}
elseif (eregi('BSD',$Agent)) {
$os="BSD";
}
elseif (ereg('OSF1',$Agent)) {
$os="OSF1";
}
elseif (ereg('IRIX',$Agent)) {
$os="IRIX";
}
elseif (eregi('FreeBSD',$Agent)) {
$os="FreeBSD";
}
if ($os=='') $os = "Unknown";
return $os;
}
//调用方法$os=os_infor() ;

4、文件格式类

$mime_types = array(
'gif' => 'image/gif',
'jpg' => 'image/jpeg',
'jpeg' => 'image/jpeg',
'jpe' => 'image/jpeg',
'bmp' => 'image/bmp',
'png' => 'image/png',
'tif' => 'image/tiff',
'tiff' => 'image/tiff',
'pict' => 'image/x-pict',
'pic' => 'image/x-pict',
'pct' => 'image/x-pict',
'tif' => 'image/tiff',
'tiff' => 'image/tiff',
'psd' => 'image/x-photoshop',

'swf' => 'application/x-shockwave-flash',
'js' => 'application/x-javascript',
'pdf' => 'application/pdf',
'ps' => 'application/postscript',
'eps' => 'application/postscript',
'ai' => 'application/postscript',
'wmf' => 'application/x-msmetafile',

'css' => 'text/css',
'htm' => 'text/html',
'html' => 'text/html',
'txt' => 'text/plain',
'xml' => 'text/xml',
'wml' => 'text/wml',
'wbmp' => 'image/vnd.wap.wbmp',

'mid' => 'audio/midi',
'wav' => 'audio/wav',
'mp3' => 'audio/mpeg',
'mp2' => 'audio/mpeg',

'avi' => 'video/x-msvideo',
'mpeg' => 'video/mpeg',
'mpg' => 'video/mpeg',
'qt' => 'video/quicktime',
'mov' => 'video/quicktime',

'lha' => 'application/x-lha',
'lzh' => 'application/x-lha',
'z' => 'application/x-compress',
'gtar' => 'application/x-gtar',
'gz' => 'application/x-gzip',
'gzip' => 'application/x-gzip',
'tgz' => 'application/x-gzip',
'tar' => 'application/x-tar',
'bz2' => 'application/bzip2',
'zip' => 'application/zip',
'arj' => 'application/x-arj',
'rar' => 'application/x-rar-compressed',

'hqx' => 'application/mac-binhex40',
'sit' => 'application/x-stuffit',
'bin' => 'application/x-macbinary',

'uu' => 'text/x-uuencode',
'uue' => 'text/x-uuencode',

'latex'=> 'application/x-latex',
'ltx' => 'application/x-latex',
'tcl' => 'application/x-tcl',

'pgp' => 'application/pgp',
'asc' => 'application/pgp',
'exe' => 'application/x-msdownload',
'doc' => 'application/msword',
'rtf' => 'application/rtf',
'xls' => 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
'ppt' => 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
'mdb' => 'application/x-msaccess',
'wri' => 'application/x-mswrite',
);

5、php生成excel文档

<?
header("Content-type:application/vnd.ms-excel");
header("Content-Disposition:filename=test.xls");
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
echo "test1\t";
echo "test2\t\n";
?>
//改动相应文件头就可以输出.doc .xls等文件格式了

6、时间比较问题
举一个简单例子说明:比如一个论坛对当天发表的贴子用new图片标记一下。
方法一：
//$db->rows[$i][date]中为数据库中datetime字段值.
$today=time();
$theDay=date("Y-m-d H:i:s",$today-24*3600);
$newTag=$db->rows[$i][date]>=$theDay?"<img src='../image/newinfor.gif'>":"";
方法二：
$newTag=$db->rows[$i][date]>=date("Y-m-d 00:00:00")?"<img src='../image/newinfor.gif'>":"";

7.数据库封装例子

<?php
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ※Database()                   构造函数，数据库初始参数
// ※Select()                     查询
// ※GetRows()                    返回查询的记录总数
// ※Insert()                     插入记录
// ※Update()                     更新
// ※Delete()                     删除
// ※Halt()                       中断并显示错误信息*/
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 define("DATABASETYPE","1");       //定义数据库类型:1为MySql;2为SQL Server;3为Oracle;4为Odbc
 define("SERVER","localhost");     //Host name or IP address of the database server
 define("DATABASE","dbName");   //要连接的数据库名
 define("USER","tableName");     //用于连接数据库的用户名
 define("PASSWORD","paswd");    //用于连接数据库的密码 
 
class Database{
 var $dbLink;                      //连接句柄
 var $result;                      //查询句柄
 var $insId;                       //Insert()成功返回AUTO_INCREMENT列的值
 var $rows;                        //返回数据数组
 var $numRows;                     //返回数据数目
 var $dbHost, $dbUser, $userPassword, $database;
 var $dbType=DATABASETYPE;
 var $msgFlag = "yes" ;            //yes:show the Mysql message ; no: die by show "Halted."
 function Database($dbHost=SERVER,$dbUser=USER,$userPassword=PASSWORD,$database=DATABASE){
   switch($this->dbType){
     case 1:
      $this->dbLink=@mysql_pconnect($dbHost,$dbUser,$userPassword);// or die("Can't Connect to Remote Host!");
      @mysql_select_db($database,$this->dbLink);// or die ("Can't Connect to Remote Host!");
      break;
    case 2:
      break;  
  }
   return true;
 }
 
 /*SQL:Select() 返回为false无结果*/
 function Select($table,$columns,$condition=1){
  $sql="select $columns from $table where $condition "; 
  //echo $sql."<br>";  
  $this->result=@mysql_query($sql,$this->dbLink); 
  unset($this->rows);
  if($this->result){
   $i=0;
   if(!($this->rows=array("$i"=>@mysql_fetch_array($this->result))))
    return false;
   if(($this->numRows=@mysql_num_rows($this->result))==0)
    return false;
   while()){
    array_push($this->rows,$tempRows);
   }     
  }else{
   $this->Halt($sql);
   return false;
  } 
  return true;
 }
 
 /*SQL:GetRows() 返回查询的记录总数*/
 function GetRows($table,$condition=1){
  $sql="select count(1) as count from $table where $condition"; 
  //echo $sql."<br>";     
  $this->result=@mysql_query($sql,$this->dbLink);   
  if($this->result){
   );
   $this->numRows=$temp[count];
  }else{
   $this->Halt($sql);
   return false;
  } 
  return $this->numRows;
 }
 
 /*SQL:Insert()*/
 
 function Insert($table,$columns,$values){
  $sql="insert into $table ($columns) values ($values)";
  //echo $sql;
  $this->result=@mysql_query($sql,$this->dbLink);
  if ($this->result)
    $this->insId=@mysql_insert_id($this->dbLink);
   else{
   $this->Halt($sql);
   return false;
  }
  return true;
 }

 /*SQL:Update()*/
 
 function Update($table,$setings,$condition){
  $sql="update $table set $setings where $condition";
  //echo $sql;
  $this->result=@mysql_query($sql,$this->dbLink);
  if ($this->result)
    $this->numRows=@mysql_affected_rows($this->result);
   else{
   $this->Halt($sql);
   return false;
  }
  return true;
 }

 /*SQL:Delete*/
 
 function Delete($table,$condition){
  $sql="delete from $table where $condition";
  $this->result=@mysql_query($sql,$this->dbLink);
  if ($this->result)
     $this->numRows=@mysql_affected_rows($this->result);
   else{
   $this->Halt($sql);
   return false;
  } 
  
  return true;
 }
 
 /*Halt():error message */
 
 function Halt($msg){
  if($this->msgFlag=="yes"){
   printf("<b>Database Query Error:</b> %s<br>\n", $msg);
   printf("<b>MySql Error:</b> %s<br>\n",mysql_error());
  }else
   echo "<META HTTP-EQUIV=REFRESH CONTENT='0;URL=../include/error.htm'>";//自定一个出错提示文件
    return false;
 }
}
  switch($db->dbType){
   case 1:
     @mysql_close();   
    break;
  case 2:
    
    break;  
  }
  $db = new Database();
?>